Tài liệu GSM SYSTEM SURVEY ppt

LINK DOWNLOAD MIỄN PHÍ TÀI LIỆU "Tài liệu GSM SYSTEM SURVEY ppt": http://123doc.vn/document/1049633-tai-lieu-gsm-system-survey-ppt.htm

Table of Contents
GSM System Survey
Table of Contents
Topic Page
EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C -i -
1. Introduction to Mobile Telecommunications and GSM 1
2. Overview of Ericsson’s GSM Systems 25
3. Wireless Concepts 37
4. Channel Concepts 71
5. Introduction to AXE 83
6. Switching System 111
7. Base Station System 131
8. Mobile Stations 155
9. Traffic Cases 181
10. Cell Planning 211
11. Operation and Maintenance Systems 231
12. Subscriber Services 255
13. Charging and Accounting 265
14. Appendix A: Mobile Intelligent Network Services 277
15. Appendix B: Data Services 293
16. Appendix C: Case Study: New Telerica’s GSM networks 301
17. Appendix D: The Future of GSM 317
18. Appendix E: Ericsson’s Customer Services 325
19. Index 329
GSM System Survey
-ii- EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C
l
l
a
a
n
n
k
k
B
B
i
i
o
o
n
n
a
a
ll
l
l
y
y
t
t
n
n
e
e
t
t
n
n
I
I
Introduction to Mobile Telecommunications and
GSM
Chapter 1
This chapter is designed to provide the student with an
introduction to mobile telecommunications and an overview of
the GSM standard. It introduces the main system components,
the network structure and basic terminology used.
OBJECTIVES:
Upon completion of this chapter the student will be able to:
• Describe the concept of a standard for mobile
communications
• Describe the history of GSM development
• Describe the philosophy of GSM as a global common
standard
• Describe the GSM network components
• Describe the GSM geographical network structure
• Describe the GSM frequency bands
• Describe the terminology used in GSM traffic cases
GSM System Survey
EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C
l
l
a
a
n
n
k
k
B
B
i
i
o
o
n
n
a
a
ll
l
l
y
y
t
t
n
n
e
e
t
t
n
n
I
I
1 Introduction to Mobile Telecommunications and GSM
EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C – i –
1 Introduction to Mobile
Telecommunications and GSM
Table of Contents
Topic Page
MOBILE TELEPHONY 1
HISTORY OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 1
MOBILE STANDARDS 3
ERICSSON IN MOBILE 5
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION (GSM) 6
HISTORY OF GSM 6
GSM SPECIFICATIONS 9
GSM PHASES 10
GSM NETWORK COMPONENTS 12
SWITCHING SYSTEM (SS) COMPONENTS 14
BASE STATION SYSTEM (BSS) COMPONENTS 16
NETWORK MONITORING CENTERS 16
MOBILE STATION (MS) 17
GSM GEOGRAPHICAL NETWORK STRUCTURE 18
CELL 18
LOCATION AREA (LA) 18
MSC SERVICE AREA 19
PLMN SERVICE AREA 19
GSM SERVICE AREA 20
GSM FREQUENCY BANDS 22
GSM 900 22
GSM 1800 22
GSM 1900 22
KEY TERMS 23
GSM System Survey
– ii – EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C
l
l
a
a
n
n
k
k
B
B
i
i
o
o
n
n
a
a
ll
l
l
y
y
t
t
n
n
e
e
t
t
n
n
I
I
1 Introduction to Mobile Telecommunications and GSM
EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C – 1 –
MOBILE TELEPHONY
Mobile telecommunications is one of the fastest growing and
most demanding of all telecommunications technologies.
Currently, it represents an increasingly high percentage of all
new telephone subscriptions worldwide. In many cases, cellular
solutions successfully compete with traditional wireline
networks and cordless telephones. In the future, cellular systems
employing digital technology will become the universal method
of telecommunication.
HISTORY OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
The origins of mobile communications followed quickly behind
the invention of radio in the late 1800s. The first applications of
mobile radio were related to the navigation and safety of ships at
sea. As radio concepts developed, so did it’s use as a
communications tool. The major milestones in the development
of wireless communications are summarized in the following
table:
Date Activity
1906 Reginald Fesseden successfully transmits human
voice over radio. Up until that time, radio
communications consisted of transmissions of Morse
Code.
1915 J. A. Fleming invents the vacuum tube making it
possible to build mobile radios.
1921 The Detroit police department used a 2 MHz
frequency in the department's first vehicular mobile
radio. The system was only one way and police had
to find a wireline phone to respond to radio
messages.
1930s Amplitude Modulation (AM) two-way mobile
systems were in place in the U.S. that took
advantage of newly developed mobile transmitters
and utilized a "push-to-talk" or half-duplex
transmission. By the end of the decade channel
allocation grew from 11 to 40.
1935 Invention of Frequency Modulation (FM) improved
audio quality. FM eliminated the need for large AM
transmitters and resulted in radio equipment which
required less power to operate. This made the use of
transmitters in vehicles more practical.
GSM System Survey
– 2 – EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C
1940s The Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
recognized a communication service it classified as
Domestic Public Land Mobile (DPLM) radio
service. The first DPLM system was established in
St. Louis in 1946 and it utilized the 150 MHz band.
The following year, a "highway" system was
developed along the New York - Boston corridor
using the 35-40 MHz band.
1947 D.H. Ring, working at Bell Laboratories, envisions
the cellular concept.
1948 Shockley, Bardeen and Brittain, at Bell Laboratories,
invent the transistor which enables electronic
equipment, including the radio to be miniaturized.
1949 Radio Common Carriers
(
RCCs
)
were reco
g
nized.
1949,
1958
Bell Systems made broadband proposals.
1964 AT&T introduces Improved Mobile Telephone
System (IMTS).
1968 The FCC began to address issue of new US spectrum
requirements.
1969 Nordic countries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland,
Norway and Sweden agree to form a group to study
and recommend areas of cooperation in
telecommunication. This led to the standardization
of telecommunications for all members of the Nordic
Mobile Telephone (NMT) group, the first
comprehensive international standardization group.
1973 The NMT group specifies a feature allowing mobile
telephones to be located within and across networks.
This feature would become the basis for roaming.
1979 The FCC authorized the installation and testing of
the first developmental cellular system in the US
(Illinois Bell Telephone Company).
1981 Ericsson launches the world’s first cellular system in
Saudi Arabia based on the analog NMT 450
standard.
1991 The first digital cellular standard (GSM) is launched.
1998 The number of mobile subscribers world-wide has
grown to over 200 million.
Table 1-1 Milestones in development of wireless
communications
F Did you know?
Ericsson predicts that
in the year 2000, the
number of mobile
subscribers worldwide
will be approximately
500 million.
1 Introduction to Mobile Telecommunications and GSM
EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C – 3 –
MOBILE STANDARDS
Standards play a major role in telecommunications by:
• Allowing products from diverse suppliers to be
interconnected
• Facilitating innovation by creating large markets for common
products
The standards-making process is one of co-operation at many
levels, both nationally and internationally and includes co-
operation between:
• Industrial concerns within a country
• These industrial concerns and their governments
• National governments at an international level
The primary purpose of a standard for mobile communications
is to specify how mobile phone calls are to be handled by a
mobile network. For example, this includes specification of the
following:
• The signals to be transmitted and received by the mobile
phone
• The format of these signals
• The interaction of network nodes
• The basic network services which should be available to
mobile subscribers
• The basic network structure (i.e. cells, etc.)
GSM System Survey
– 4 – EN/LZT 123 3321 R2C
Since the development of NMT 450 in 1981, many standards for
mobile communication have been developed throughout the
world. Each mobile standard has been developed to meet the
particular requirements of the country or interest groups
involved in its specification. For this reason, although a standard
may be suitable for one country, it may not be suitable for
another. The main standards and the main markets in which they
are used are summarized in the following table.
Year Standard Mobile Telephone System Technology
Primary
Markets
1981 NMT 450 Nordic Mobile Telephony Analogue Europe,
Middle East
1983 AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone
System
Analogue North and
South
America
1985 TACS Total Access
Communication System
Analogue Europe and
China
1986 NMT 900 Nordic Mobile Telephony Analogue Europe,
Middle East
1991 GSM Global System for Mobile
communication
Digital World-wide
1991 D-AMPS Digital-AMPS Digital North and
South
America
1992 GSM 1800 Global System for Mobile
communication
Digital Europe
1994 PDC Personal Digital Cellular Digital Japan
1995 PCS 1900 Personal Communication
Services
Digital North
America
Table 1-2 The main cellular standards
F Did you know?
The country with the
highest per capita
penetration of mobile
subscribers is
Finland, with over
40% of its population
owning a mobile
phone.